Use the command line to create a new directory called lab13 in your labs directory. Make sure all of the .py files that you create for this activity are in that directory.
Earlier this semester we estimated pi using the Leibniz approximation. Another way of estimating the value of pi is to use Monte Carlo Estimation. The technique is named after the casino because it depends on random chance and probability. Before you can use the technique to estimate pi, you need a test for whether a randomly generated point is inside of a circle.
Details
In a file called point_in_circle.py, write a function
called is_point_in_circle(point_x, point_y, circle_x,
circle_y, circle_radius) that returns True
or False depending on whether the specified point is
inside the specified circle. Consider exactly on the edge of the
circle as outside the circle. The parameters point_x
and point_y are the x and y coordinates of the point.
The parameters circle_x, circle_y,
and circle_radius are the x and y coordinates of the
center of the circle and the radius of the circle.
Make sure to test your function by calling the function multiple times with different parameters. Make sure your code follows the course's code conventions.
Test Cases
| Function Parameters | Expected Output |
|---|---|
| 1, 1, 0, 0, 2 | True |
| 0, 2, 0, 0, 2 | False |
| 2, 2, 0, 0, 2 | False |
| -7, -7, -10, -10, 5 | True |
| -5, -10, -10, -10, 5 | False |
| -6, -6, -10, -10, 5 | False |
Hint
A point is inside of a circle if the distance between the point and the center of the circle is less than the radius of the circle.
The distance between two points can be computed using the Euclidean Distance formula:
$$d = \sqrt{(x_1 - x_2)^2 + (y_1 - y_2)^2}$$
Where \(d\) is the distance between the points \((x_1, y_1)\) and \((x_2, y_2)\).
Challenge
Use turtle to draw a circle and hundreds of randomly generated points. If a point is inside the circle the point should be drawn as a green dot, if it is outside the circle it should be drawn as a red dot.
Many a momentous school yard decision, such as who is it, has been decided with the game Rock, Paper, Scissors. In case you don't know, Rock, Paper, Scissors is played by two players picking one of three choices: rock, paper, or scissors. The winner is determined by the rules:
- Rock crushes scissors.
- Scissors cuts paper.
- Paper smothers rock.
If the two players both pick the same thing, the game is a tie.
Details
In a file called rock_paper_scissors.py, write a function
called play_rock_paper_scissors() that plays a single
round of the game Rock, Paper, Scissors. The function should prompt
the user to enter their play, generate a random play for the
computer, and print who won (and why). The user should enter their
input as either 'r', 'p', or 's'. If the user enters invalid input
the program should inform the user.
Exmaple
$ python3 rock_paper_scissors.py Enter your play(r, p, or s): r Computer play is s. Rock crushes scissors, you win! $ python3 rock_paper_scissors.py Enter your play(r, p, or s): p Computer play is s. Scissors cut paper, sorry, you lose. $ python3 rock_paper_scissors.py Enter your play(r, p, or s): s Computer play is s. A tie, nobody wins or loses. $ python3 rock_paper_scissors.py Enter your play(r, p, or s): t Sorry, I don't understand the move 't'.
Hint
Getting the user's input is as simple as using
the input function. Don't forget to include the
prompt for the user.
Generating the computer's move is a little more tricky because you
need to use the randint function to generate a
string. Do this by generating a random number between 0 and 2
and assigning the computer's move to a variable based on the
random number. For example, if the random number is 0, make the
computer's move 'r'. If the random number is 1, make the
computer's move 'p', etc. Make sure you don't use Magic Numbers
to accomplish this.
Testing who won requires having conditional statements for the different cases the game can end in. There are 3 ways the player can win, 3 ways the player can lose, and 3 ways for a tie to occur. These can be checked with nested if statements, but I think you will find it easier if you create one conditional for each of these situations using Boolean operators. For example, to check if the user won with rock the conditional needs to check the the user's move is 'r' and the computer's move is scissors.
Challenge
The game Rock, Paper, Scissors can be generalized to any odd number of possible moves. The more possible moves there are the lower the chance of a tie. One popular 5-move version is Rock, Paper, Scissors, Lizard, and Spock. The regular Rock, Paper, Scissor rules apply with the additional rules:
- Rock crushes lizard
- Paper disproves Spock
- Scissors decapitate lizard
- Lizard poisons Spock
- Lizard eats paper
- Spock smashes scissors
- Spock vaporizes rock
Modify your Rock, Paper, Scissors function to play Rock, Paper, Scissors, Lizard, Spock.
Submission
Please show your source code and run your programs for the instructor or lab assistant. Only a programs that have perfect style and flawless functionality will be accepted as complete.