Operator precedence table¶

The following table summarizes the operator precedence of Python operators in this book, from highest precedence (most binding) to lowest precedence (least binding). Operators in the same box have the same precedence. Unless syntax is explicitly given, operators are binary. Operators in the same box group left to right (except for exponentiation, which groups from right to left). This is many of the entries from the complete Python table at https://docs.python.org/3/reference/expressions.html#operator-precedence.

In the row for comparisons, membership tests, and identity tests, all have the same precedence and have a left-to-right chaining feature; for example 3 < x <= y != z.