You need to use the accumulator pattern here. The accumulator pattern always begins by setting the accumulator variable before your for loop. In this case, you are counting, so your accumulator should normally start at 0. However, in this case we can assume there's always at least 1 word, we we will start it at 1.

Inside of your for loop, you need to count the spaces. You will use the accumulator pattern to make this count work. In this case, the accumulation will be of the form accumulator = accumulator + some_value.

In this case, you want to count the number of space characters (" ") that exist in the string. So, any time you come across a space character, inrement the accumulator by 1.

Use an if statement to determine if the character you have from the string is a space. Remember, comparisons of equality use the == operator.

There are two ways to accomplish this problem. If you remember how to raise a number to an exponent in python, you can directly use that. Otherwise, you'll need to use a for loop and the accumulator pattern.

Every time you go through the for loop, you want to multiply the accumulator by $x$. This means you should probably start your accumulator at 1!

You need to iterate over the pixels of your image for this assignment. However, you need to know the x and y locations of each pixel. You can either use the nested for loop to get x and y coordinates, or you can use the getX(pixel) and getY(pixel) functions to get your coordinates.

You also need to get the 4 pixels surrounding your current location. You can use the getPixelAt(a_picture, x, y) function to get a pixel at a specific location from the picture. You simply need to add and subtract 1 from x and y each.

For each of these 4 surrounding pixels, you want to getRed, getGreen, and getBlue. You will compute the average of each of those values, and use setRed, setGreen, and setBlue to set the color of the pixel.